Here is the information I have been promising to put together. Bit of a read, and if you include the links to more information y'all will have a full day in front of y'all...: (had posted the info on the 'Shoulder Pain' thread, but need a slot on its own. This stuff IS amazing, and, no side effects. but please do check out for yourself as everyone is different.) OK --->>
Subject: nitric oxide synthase Definition and Much More from Answers.com
http://www.answers.com/topic/nitric-oxide-synthase This is the AAKG - Alpha-Ketoglutarate (L-Arginine - E-NOS - Nitric Oxide)
*Ensure AA-KG*. >> L-arginine is a precusor or nitric oxide and is used by the
cells to create the nitric oxide. It's release causes the vessles to
increase in diameter and allow easier passage of blood similar to
attaching a larger garden hose to a spigot, the bigger the diameter
the lower the pressure and the higher the flow. If the cells are
impaired in releasing the nitric oxide and the vessles remain small
and loose their adjusting abilities...<<
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http://www.jr2.ox.ac.uk/bandolier/band32/b32-4.html Nitroglycerine Patches for shoulder pain rt al nitric oxide (a natural vasodilator) within the body, which in turn causes the coronary artery (blood vessels surrounding the heart) to dilate, increasing blood flow and thereby improving the oxygen supply
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About Nitric OxideJ Orthop Res. 2006 Sep;24(9):1869-82. Links
Gene expression changes in SNAP-stimulated and iNOS-transfected
tenocytes--expression of extracellular matrix genes and its
implications for tendon-healing.Molloy TJ, de Bock CE, Wang Y,
Murrell GA.
Orthopaedic Research Institute, St. George Hospital, University of
New South Wales, Kogarah, Sydney, NSW 2217, Australia.
Nitric oxide (NO) has a variety of physiological roles, including
acting as a key mediator in various phases of tendon healing, but
its importance as a modulator of gene expression during tendon
healing has not been well studied. The current study used microarray
analysis to elucidate global gene expression after transfection with
inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in tenocytes isolated from
the injured rotator cuff tendons of human patients. We show that the
expression of a wide range of genes is affected by NO, with many
activated genes having known roles in healing. Of particular
significance is that NOS overexpression stimulates the transcription
and translation of a range of extracellular matrix genes important
to the structure of connective tissues such as tendons, including
collagen Ialpha1, collagen IIIalpha1, collagen IValpha5, biglycan,
decorin, laminin, and matrix metalloproteinase 10 (MMP10). These
genes were also shown to respond to stimulation by the NO donor S-
nitroso-N-acetyl-penicillamine (SNAP) in a dose-dependent manner. We
further show that varying levels of NO significantly affect cellular
adhesion in tenocytes, a critical process during tendon repair.
These findings will be of use when optimizing the dose of NO
delivery in further work investigating NO as potential treatment of
tendon injuries.
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J Orthop Res. 2006 Feb;24(2):159-72. Links
Nitric oxide enhances collagen synthesis in cultured human tendoncells.Xia W, Szomor Z, Wang Y, Murrell GA.
Orthopaedic Research Institute, St. George Hospital Campus,
University of New South Wales, Kogarah, Sydney, New South Wales
2217, Australia.
Collagen deposition is an important process that occurs during wound
healing. We and others have shown that nitric oxide (NO) is
important in tendon healing. The mechanisms whereby healing is
enhanced are, however, undetermined. The aim of this study was to
investigate whether NO could enhance collagen synthesis in cultured
human tendon cells via exogenous NO and via an adenovirus containing
the gene for inducible nitric oxide synthase (Ad-iNOS).Tendon cells
from the torn edge of the tendons of patients undergoing rotator
cuff repair surgery were cultured following collagenase digestion,
and stimulated with exogenous NO (SNAP), transfected with Ad-iNOS,
and treated with the NOS inhibitor, L-NMMA. Total protein and
collagen synthesis were evaluated by (3)H-proline and collagenase
sensitive (3)H-proline incorporation in human tendon cells. High
doses of exogenous NO (SNAP) inhibited collagen synthesis. Lower
doses enhanced total protein and collagen synthesis of the tendon
cells. Ad-iNOS successfully transfected active iNOS into human
tendon cells in vitro and also enhanced total protein and collagen
synthesis of the tendon cells. The NOS inhibitor, L-NMMA, inhibited
the effects of iNOS on the cells.Our studies show for first time
that nitric oxide can enhance collagen synthesis in human tendon
cells in vitro. These results may explain, in part, at least, the
beneficial effects of NO donors in animal models and during the
treatment of tendonopathies in human clinical trials
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Warning: This next experimental study is a bit gruesome. Mediators Inflamm. 2004 Jun;13(3):157-64. Links
Single dose of inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibitor induces
prolonged inflammatory cell accumulation and fibrosis around injured
tendon and synovium.Darmani H, Crossan JC, Curtis A.
Department of Applied Biology, Faculty of Science, Jordan University
of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110.
darmani@just.edu.jo The aim of the current study was to investigate the effect of
inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) production after injury on
inflammatory cell accumulation and fibrosis around digital flexor
tendon and synovium. A standard crush injury was applied to the
flexor tendons of the middle digit of the hindpaw and the overlying
muscle and synovium of female Wistar rats. Thirty animals received
an intraperitoneal injection of either isotonic saline or N(G)-nitro-
l-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME; 5 mg/kg) immediately following the
crush injury, and five animals were then sacrificed at various
intervals and the paws processed for histology. Another group of
five animals was sacrificed after 3 days for nitrite determinations.
The results showed that nitrite production and hence NO synthase
activity is doubled at the acute phase of tendon wound healing, and
we can prevent this by administering a single dose of L-NAME
immediately after injury. The incidence and severity of
fibrocellular adhesions between tendon and synovium was much more
marked in animals treated with L-NAME. Treatment with L-NAME
elicited a chronic inflammatory response characterised by a
persistent and extraordinarily severe accumulation of large numbers
of inflammatory cells in the subcutaneous tissues, in muscle and in
tendon. These findings indicate that in the case of injured tendon
and synovium, NO could act to protect the healing tissue from an
uncontrolled inflammatory response.
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L-Lysine: ...has an affect on bone healing, growth
hormone, increasing muscle strength and treating osteoperosis and also
insulin utilization. Some medical research articles at bottom.
http://www.lifelinknet.com/siteresources/Products/Lysine.asp ------------------------------------
About the Jiaogulan herb - http://www.drugs.com/npp/jiaogulan.html - (long article)
Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino. Family: Cucurbitaceae (Squashes)
Common Name(s): Jiaogulan , Penta tea , Amachazuru (Japan) , Southern ginseng , Dungkulcha (Korea)
Clinical Overview
Uses of Jiaogulan Studies on Gynostemma have found that the plant is effective in regulating blood pressure, strengthening the immune system, lowering cholesterol, and in increasing stamina and endurance properties. Gynostemma has also been found to have hyperlipidemic, lipid peroxidation, adaptogenic, anticancer, cardio- and cerebrovascular effects..........<< (more)
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I am on hardly any meds, at all. Take only when needed, which is now very rarely. The AAKG - Jiaogulan - L-Lysine - is terrific. Really does work, and I have *horrible* shoulders. Left still in spasm from a badly performed op last April (corrective surgery scheduled for 24 Jan 07); right shoulder severe degenerative arthritis with impingement - will require surgery. Right elbow, osteophytes, debris, arthritis, trapped ulna nerve - surgery 'possibly' at saame time as the corrective surgery to my left shoulder on 24 Jan: will depend on how much of a joba has to be done on the left shulder! Neck giving more and more bother - hope will not require surgery! Meantime the
AAKG, Jiaogulan and L-Lysine keeps pain and inflammatin in check - marvellous stuff. Easy to take and cheap to buy.
I get the powder AAKG, costs me $20 a pound weight (Walmart charge about $50 for c50 capsules.) A pound weight lasts about two months! The 'Jia' herb about $10 per pound weight, am still using the same lb three months later: 1/2 teas per day. L-Lysine is only available (so far as I can find out) in capsule form - so I purchase it here in the UK. IF anyone wants details on the AAKG
powder, they will have to pm me: powder, US available, sourced, Canada: pm me. The 'Jia' powder ia avaialable in the US from i-herb.com
Please do look into the AAKG / Jia / L-Lysine.Molly
Diggin some from her files

(apologies - again - for many typoes...)